|
Type A
|
Code |
Competences Specific |
| |
Common |
| |
AC4 |
To perfectly identify the relationship between nutrients and diseases. |
| |
Professional |
| |
Research |
|
Type B
|
Code |
Competences Transversal |
| |
Common |
| |
BC4 |
Autonomy, responsibility and initiative |
|
Type C
|
Code |
Competences Nuclear |
| |
Common |
| |
CC3 |
To be able to manage information and knowledge |
| Objectives |
Competences |
|
AC4
|
BC4
|
CC3
|
| Topic |
Sub-topic |
| 1. Homeostasis and energetic balance |
Concept of homeostasis. Description of a homeostatic model. Precision and energetic cost of maintenance. General equation of energy balance of an organism. Stable factors and modulation of the energetic balance equation. Thermogenesis. Energetic efficiency in substrate utilization. |
| 2. Thermal homeostasis |
Biochemical reactions and maintenance of body temperature, Q10 value of reactions. Importance of homeothermy. Concept of body temperature, variability and maintenance. Role of residual heat and compulsory and adaptive thermogenesis.
Efficiency of maintenance systems of body temperature, influence on heat generation. Global energy losses, energy balance, balance between production and heat loss. Systems of temperature maintenance. Thermostat. Hypothermia. Fever, energy cost. |
| 3. Metabolic rate |
Metabolic rate, concept. Direct and indirect measurement. Physiological modulation. Basal metabolic rate, allometric relationships. Hypothesis that explain the relationship between metabolic rate and body mass. Surfaces’ law. Homeothermy and blood flow. |
| 4. Thermogenesis |
Thermogenesis. Concept, forms of thermogenesis. Compulsory and adaptative thermogenesis. Diet-induced thermogenesis and ‘pure’ thermogenesis. Mechanisms of thermogenesis. Hypothesis, futile cycles. Tremor and non-muscular thermogenesis. Thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue, UCP1, structure and function. Other uncoupling proteins, possible functions.
|
| 5. Food intake control |
Control of energy intake. Control systems of intake of carbohydrates and lipids.
Gastric and intestinal signals. Role of hormones and gut peptides. Hypothalamus. Role in control of body weight. Neuropeptides: POMC, NPU, etc.
Peripheral signals.
|
| 6. Adipose tissue |
Adipose tissue. Energy storage and endocrine organ. Adipocyte functions: endocrine, autocrine and paracrine. Cytokines.
Nervous control. Hormonal interactions. Adipogenesis and control of lipolysis. Adipose tissue and inflammatory process.
|
| 7. Energetic and protein deficit: protein-calorie malnutrition and cachexia |
Protein-calories malnutrition. Types. Pathogenic mechanisms and metabolic consequences. Treatment and recovery.
Cachexia. Definition and types, origins. Aging. Cancer cachexia and consumptive diseases.
|
| 8. Carbohydrate-lipid interactions energy: metabolic syndrome |
Natural history of metabolic syndrome: primitive diet, nutritional excess, protection from excess nutrients and insulin resistance.
Role of lipids and amino acids. Metabolic syndrome, origins and definition. Components and related diseases. Pathogenic relationships between the components of metabolic syndrome. Dyslipidemia. Lipotoxicity. Atherosclerosis. Dietary lipids. The adipocyte, physiological role and regulation. Differentiation. Endocrine, paracrine and immune functions. Sick adipocytes and endothelial damage. |
| 9. Nutrition and metabolic diseases |
Concept of metabolic disease, types and varieties: diseases that could be improved with diet, adjuvants effects and contraindications. Systematic studies of metabolic diseases and adaptations of diets to treatments. Global role of diet as therapeutical element. |
| 10. Nutrition and biota |
Size, functions and diversity of biota. Relationship with diet. Symbiotic, commensal and parasitic effects. Probiotics. Stool formation, characteristics and composition. Defence: barriers against biota, immune system.
Maintenance of the composition and changes in biota. Diseases caused by alterations of the biota. Myths and realities. |
| Methodologies :: Tests |
| |
Competences |
(*) Class hours |
Hours outside the classroom |
(**) Total hours |
| Introductory activities |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
| |
| |
| Personal tuition |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
| |
| |
(*) On e-learning, hours of virtual attendance of the teacher.
(**) The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students. |
Methodologies
| |
Description |
| Introductory activities |
|
| Personal tuition |
|
|
|
|
Description |
| José Antonio Fernández López
josfernandez@ub.edu
Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Biology.
|
|
| |
Description |
Weight |
| |
|
Other comments and second exam session |
|
The subject has only one call.
During the exams, all devices that aren't authorized for the test must be switched off and stored. Performing a fraudulent activity during an exam, including material, virtual or electronic support will lead to the failing of the test. With independence of this, taking into account the gravity of the facts, the centre will propose the initiation of disciplinary expedient which will be initiated according to the resolution of the chancellor. |
| Basic |
Ruiz Pons, M; Sánchez-Valverde Visus, F; Dalmau Serra, M; López Gómez, L., Tratamiento nutricional de los errores innatos del metabolismo, 2ª ed, Drug Farma S.L.,, 2007
Alemany, M., Concepto de dieta mediterránea: ¿un grupo de alimentos saludables, una dieta o una panacea publicitaria?, Med.Clin. 136 (13):594-599, 2011
Alemany, M. , Different effects of hyperlipidic diets in human lactation and adulthood: growth versus the development of obesity, Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 9 (101), 2011
Maury E, Brichard SM, Adipokine dysregulation, adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic syndrome, Mol Cell Endocrinol 314: 1-16, 2010
Cannon B, Nedergaard J., Brown Adipose Tissue: Function and Physiological Significance, Physiol Rev 84: 277–359, 2004
Cannon B, Nedergaard J. , Neither brown nor white, Nature 488: 286-287, 2012
Cummings DE, Overduin J., Gastrointestinal regulation of food intake, J Clin Invest 117: 13-23, 2007
Keesey RE, Hirvonen MD, Body-weight set-points: determination and adjustment, J Nutr 127: 1875S-1883S, 1997
Nedergaard J, Bengtsson T, Cannon B., Unexpected evidence for active brown adipose tissue in adult humans, Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293: E444–E452, 2007
Speakman JR. , The history and theory of the doubly labeled water technique, Am J Clin Nutr 68 (suppl): 932S–8S, 1998
Alemany, M. , Metabolic syndrome: A multifaceted disease of affluence, J. Endocrinol. Metab. 2 (4-5):155-165, 2012
Alemany, M. , The problem of nitrogen disposal in the obese, Nutr. Res. Rev. 25 (1):18-28, 2012
Alemany, M. , Do the interactions between glucocorticoids and sex hormones regulate the development of the metabolic syndrome?, Front. Endocrinol. 3 (27), 2012
Alemany, M. , Regulation of adipose tissue energy availability through blood flow control in the metabolic syndrome, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 52 (10):2108-2119, 2012
Alemany, M. , Utilization of dietary glucose in the metabolic syndrome, Nutr.Metab. 8 (74), 2011
Alemany, M. , Adipose tissue hypoxia, a conceptual alometric view, J. Endocrinol. Metab. 1 (4):155-158, 2011
|
|
| Complementary |
|
|
(*)The teaching guide is the document in which the URV publishes the information about all its courses. It is a public document and cannot be modified. Only in exceptional cases can it be revised by the competent agent or duly revised so that it is in line with current legislation. |
|