| Competences |
| Type A | Code | Competences Specific |
| A5 | Know the principles, the instrumentation and the applications of the main techniques of analysis and separation of biomolecules, as well as the techniques of culture of microorganisms and cells of multicellular organisms. | |
| A10 | Know how to apply the basic knowledge of structure and function of multicellular organisms in the production of biotechnological products. | |
| A11 | Proper application of the diversity of recombinant DNA techniques and methodologies to design cellular genetic engineering strategies for the production of homologous or heterologous proteins or cells capable of acting as biocatalysts | |
| Type B | Code | Competences Transversal |
| B5 | Teamwork, collaboration and sharing of responsibility | |
| Type C | Code | Competences Nuclear |
| C4 | Be able to express themselves correctly both orally and in writing in one of the two official languages of the URV |
| Learning outcomes |
| Type A | Code | Learning outcomes |
| A5 |
Know the molecular biology of systems to their genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic aspects. Master the techniques of molecular biology used to obtain genetically modified animals and plants, and know the possibilities of application of molecular biotechnology in animals and plants. | |
| A10 |
Master the molecular biology techniques used to obtain genetically modified animals and vegetables, and know the possibilities of application of molecular biotechnology in animals and plants. Know the molecular biology of systems to its genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic aspects. | |
| A11 |
Know the molecular biology of systems to its genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic aspects. | |
| Type B | Code | Learning outcomes |
| B5 |
Accept and comply with the rules of the group. Help to draw up and apply the team’s work processes. Act constructively to deal with any conflicts in the team. Take an interest in the importance of the group’s activity. | |
| Type C | Code | Learning outcomes |
| C4 |
Produce grammatically correct oral texts. Produce grammatically correct written texts Produce written texts that are appropriate to the communicative situation |
| Contents |
| Topic | Sub-topic |
| Plant biotechnology. Topic 1. Introduction to plant biotechnology | Definitions of plant biotechnology The history of genetic modifications in crops Green Revolution (GR) Next GR and circular economy in the food system Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) Techniques to produce GM plants Development of GM plants Cultivation trends of GM crops GM crops GM traits Production data Biotech crop developments in USA and Europe Bt maize (MON 810) in Spain Applications Biotech food considerations, Hunger and future |
| Plant biotechnology. Topic 2. Plant in vitro cultures |
Plant in vitro cultures Stages Applications Explants |
| Plant biotechnology. Topic 3. Somaclonal variation | Definition Factors Advantages and disadvantages Methods of detection |
| Plant biotechnology. Topic 4 Techniques to produce TG plants | Overview of techniques to produce transgenic plants Agrobacterium tumefaciens- the major vector in plant genetic engineering Ti plasmid Mechanism of action Applications in plant genetic engineering: Disarmed vectors, intermediate vectors and binary vectors Transformation with Agrobacterium Arabidopsis and floral dip method Limitations of Agrobacterium Virus-mediated gene transfer Direct gene transfer methods Transformation of protoplasts Biolistics or gene gun bombardment Electroporation Microinjection Transfer with glass fibers (Whiskers) Vectors, promoters and selection markers |
| Plant biotechnology. Topic 5 Applications of plant biotechnology | I generation Resistance against viruses and insects Tolerance to herbicides II generation Food quality III generation Pharming Biomaterials Biofuels Bioremediation Others Gardening and forestry |
| Plant biotechnology. Topic 6 Modifying the plant genome | RNAi Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFN) Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) CRISPR/Cas9 T-DNA and transposon’s insertions TILLING (targeted induced local lesions in the genome) |
| Animal biotechnology. Topic 1. Introduction to animal biotechnology | Definition and objectives Historical facts The technologies involved Applications Regulation and concerns |
| Animal biotechnology. Topic 2. Animals as laboratory tools |
Natural and laboratory populations Key principles of 3Rs Mouse as model system Genetic standardization Inbred strains, F1 hybrids, coisogenic, congenic and outbred strains among others Mouse nomenclature Genetic drift and substrain development Genetic integrity monitoring and SNPs Cryopreservation |
| Animal biotechnology. Topic 3. Early embryogenesis and reproductive biology in laboratory mouse | Preformism versus epigenesis Stages of embryogenesis Spermatogenesis Oogenesis Fertilization Acrosomal and cortical reaction Cleavage divisions Zygote, morula, blastula, blastocyst Gastrulation Ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm Organogenesis Embryonic stem (ES) cells Reproductive characteristics Sex determination Male anatomy and sperm production Female anatomy and egg production Estrous cycle Mating options Problems |
| Animal biotechnology. Topic 4. Assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs) in human and animals | Assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs) Human infertility Causes of female and male infertility Controled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and artificial insemination (AI) Cryopreservation- egg, sperm and embryo banking Sex determination In vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) Preimplantation genetic diagnostics (PGD) Omics in reproductive medicine |
| Animal biotechnology. Topic 5. Cloning | Reproductive cloning: Embryos and biotechnology Reproductive and therapeutic cloning History of cloning Embryo splitting Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) Dolly Problems and difficulties Cloning of endangered and extinct species Therapeutic cloning: Regenerative medicine and therapeutic cloning Stem cells Adult stem cells Embryonic stem (ES) cells Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) Applications in regenerative medicine, disease modeling and drug discovery |
| Animal biotechnology. Topic 6. Non-targeted transgenesis | Physiological, pathological and induced models Forward versus reverse genetics Non-targeted transgenesis Pronuclear injection (PNI) Viral transgenesis Sperm-mediated transgenesis |
| Animal biotechnology. Topic 7. Targeted transgenesis | Gene targeting Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells Homologous recombination Positive and negative selection of ES cell clones Typical gene targeting experiment Blastocyst injection Chimera production and breeding YAC transgenes Knock out (KO) and Knock in (KI) Conditional strategies Cre/loxP recombination system Flp/Frt system Inducible strategies Cre-ERT system TetOn/TetOff systems Reporter mouse RNAi |
| Animal biotechnology. Topic 8. Applications in transgenic livestock | Transgenic livestock Methodologies Pharming (biopharming) Applications in agriculture: enhanced nutrition, reduced environmental impact, enhanced milk, enhanced growth rates and carcass composition, improved disease resistance, improved reproductive performance and fecundity, improved hair and fiber Risks and conclusions |
| Animal Topic 9 Transgenesis and pathology |
Non-targeted transgenesis and HER2 TG mice in breast cancer Targeted transgenesis, colon stem cells and colon cancer Lineage tracing in KI mice Aging Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) |
| Planning |
| Methodologies :: Tests | ||||||||||
| Competences | (*) Class hours |
Hours outside the classroom |
(**) Total hours | |||||||
| Introductory activities |
|
1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
| Lecture |
|
25 | 53 | 78 | ||||||
| Seminars |
|
10 | 20 | 30 | ||||||
| Laboratory practicals |
|
20 | 16 | 36 | ||||||
| Personal tuition |
|
5 | 0 | 5 | ||||||
| (*) On e-learning, hours of virtual attendance of the teacher. (**) The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students. | ||||||||||
| Methodologies |
| Description | |
| Introductory activities | Introduction of the contents and the organization of the subject |
| Lecture | Development of the theoretical contents of the subject |
| Seminars | Theoretical-practical seminars on aspects related to the subject by professionals of the sector |
| Laboratory practicals | Realization of practical activities in the laboratory related to the content of the subject |
| Personal tuition | Resolution of practical theoretical doubts outside the classroom |
| Personalized attention |
| Description |
| Appointments previously confirmed by e-mail: Sirle Laos: sirle.laos@urv.cat |
| Assessment |
| Methodologies | Competences | Description | Weight | ||||
| Seminars |
|
Attendance at seminars and testing its content (short answer questions) Animal biotechnology seminars: 5% Plant biotechnology seminars: 5% |
10% | ||||
| Laboratory practicals |
|
Evaluation of laboratory practise reports Animal laboratory practice: 5% Plant laboratory practice: 5% |
10% | ||||
| Others |
| Other comments and second exam session | |||
|
Qualifier: Exam of plant biotechnology Weight: 30% (minimum grade to pass 4) Qualifier: Exam of animal biotechnology Weight: 50% (minimum grade to pass 4) Qualifier: Seminars in plant biotechnology Weight: 5% (obligatory presence) Qualifier: Seminars in animal biotechnology Weight: 5% (obligatory presence) Qualifier: Laboratory practice_ plant Weight: 5% (obligatory presence) Qualifier: Laboratory practice_ animal Weight: 5% (obligatory presence) |
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| Sources of information |
| Basic |
Adrian Slater, Nigel Scott and Marl Fowler, Plant Biotechnology. The genetic manipulatio of plants, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2003
C. al Stewart, Plant Biotechnology and Genetics. Principles, techniques and applications, WILLEY, 2007
M.M.Ranga, Animal Biotechnology, Agrobios, 2007 |
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| Complementary |
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| Recommendations |
(*)The teaching guide is the document in which the URV publishes the information about all its courses. It is a public document and cannot be modified. Only in exceptional cases can it be revised by the competent agent or duly revised so that it is in line with current legislation.